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Deuteronomy 20 🔍 📕 📖

Laws of Warfare

💬📚
1

When thou goest out

to battle

against thine enemies,

and seest

horses,

and chariots,

and a people

more

than thou, be not afraid

of them: for the LORD

thy God

is with thee, which brought thee up

out of the land

of Egypt.


Septuagint Literal:

and if

ἐάν

ean

though

δέ

de

come out

ἐξέρχομαι

exerchomai

into

εἰς

eis

battle 

πόλεμος

polemos

in

ἐπί

epi

the 

ho

hostile

ἐχθρός

echthros

of you

σοῦ

sou

and

καί

kai

view

ὁράω

horaō

horse 

ἵππος

hippos

and

καί

kai

rider 

ἀναβάτην

anabatēn

and

καί

kai

populace

λαός

laos

much

πολύς

polys

of you

σοῦ

sou

not 

οὐ

ou

afraid

φοβέομαι

phobeomai

from

ἀπό

apo

he

αὐτός

autos

since

ὅτι

hoti

lord

κύριος

kyrios

the 

ho

God 

θεός

theos

of you

σοῦ

sou

with

μετά

meta

of you

σοῦ

sou

the 

ho

pull up

ἀναβιβάζω

anabibazō

you 

σέ

se

from

ἐκ

ek

earth

γῆ

Aigyptos

Αἴγυπτος

Aigyptos

💬📚
2

And it shall be, when ye are come nigh

unto the battle,

that the priest

shall approach

and speak

unto the people,


Septuagint Literal:

and

καί

kai

be 

εἰμί

eimi

when

ὅταν

hotan

get close

ἐγγίζω

engizō

the 

ho

battle 

πόλεμος

polemos

and

καί

kai

get close to 

προσεγγίζω

prosengizō

the 

ho

priest 

ἱερεύς

hiereus

talk

λαλέω

laleō

the 

ho

populace

λαός

laos

💬📚
3

And shall say

unto them, Hear,

O Israel,

ye approach

this day

unto battle

against your enemies:

let not your hearts

faint,

fear

not, and do not tremble,

neither be ye terrified

because

of them;


Septuagint Literal:

and

καί

kai

state

ἐρεῶ

ereō

to

πρός

pros

he

αὐτός

autos

hear 

ἀκούω

akouō

Israel 

Ἰσραήλ

Israēl

you 

ὑμεῖς

hymeis

travel near

προσπορεύομαι

prosporeuomai

today

σήμερον

sēmeron

into

εἰς

eis

battle 

πόλεμος

polemos

in

ἐπί

epi

the 

ho

hostile

ἐχθρός

echthros

your 

ὑμῶν

hymōn

not 

μή

faint

ἐκλύω

eklyō

the 

ho

heart 

καρδία

kardia

your 

ὑμῶν

hymōn

not 

μή

afraid

φοβέομαι

phobeomai

while not

μηδέ

mēde

crush 

θραύω

thrauō

while not

μηδέ

mēde

deviate

ἐκκλίνω

ekklinō

from

ἀπό

apo

face

πρόσωπον

prosōpon

he

αὐτός

autos

💬📚
4

For the LORD

your God

is he that goeth

with you, to fight

for you against your enemies,

to save

you.


Septuagint Literal:

since

ὅτι

hoti

lord

κύριος

kyrios

the 

ho

God 

θεός

theos

your 

ὑμῶν

hymōn

the 

ho

travel forth

προπορεύομαι

proporeuomai

with

μετά

meta

your 

ὑμῶν

hymōn

fight with sb on behalf of sb 

συνεκπολεμῆσαι

synekpolemēsai

you 

ὑμῖν

hymin

the 

ho

hostile

ἐχθρός

echthros

your 

ὑμῶν

hymōn

thoroughly save

διασώζω

diasōzō

you 

ὑμᾶς

hymas

💬📚
5

And the officers

shall speak

unto the people,

saying,

What man

is there that hath built

a new

house,

and hath not dedicated

it? let him go

and return

to his house,

lest he die

in the battle,

and another

man

dedicate

it.


Septuagint Literal:

and

καί

kai

talk

λαλέω

laleō

the 

ho

scholar 

γραμματεύς

grammateus

to

πρός

pros

the 

ho

populace

λαός

laos

tell

λέγω

legō

who?

τίς

tis

the 

ho

person

ἄνθρωπος

anthrōpos

the 

ho

build 

οἰκοδομέω

oikodomeō

house

οἰκία

oikia

innovative

καινός

kainos

and

καί

kai

not 

οὐ

ou

dedicate 

ἐγκαινίζω

enkainizō

he

αὐτός

autos

travel

πορεύομαι

poreuomai

and

καί

kai

turn away

ἀποστρέφω

apostrephō

into

εἰς

eis

the 

ho

house

οἰκία

oikia

he

αὐτός

autos

not 

μή

die 

ἀποθνῄσκω

apothnēskō

in 

ἐν

en

the 

ho

battle 

πόλεμος

polemos

and

καί

kai

person

ἄνθρωπος

anthrōpos

different

ἕτερος

heteros

dedicate 

ἐγκαινίζω

enkainizō

he

αὐτός

autos

💬📚
6

And what man

is he that hath planted

a vineyard,

and hath not yet eaten

of it? let him also go

and return

unto his house,

lest he die

in the battle,

and another

man

eat

of it.


Septuagint Literal:

and

καί

kai

who?

τίς

tis

the 

ho

person

ἄνθρωπος

anthrōpos

who

ὅστις

hostis

plant 

φυτεύω

phyteuō

vineyard 

ἀμπελών

ampelōn

and

καί

kai

not 

οὐ

ou

celebrate

εὐφραίνω

euphrainō

from

ἐκ

ek

he

αὐτός

autos

travel

πορεύομαι

poreuomai

and

καί

kai

turn away

ἀποστρέφω

apostrephō

into

εἰς

eis

the 

ho

house

οἰκία

oikia

he

αὐτός

autos

not 

μή

die 

ἀποθνῄσκω

apothnēskō

in 

ἐν

en

the 

ho

battle 

πόλεμος

polemos

and

καί

kai

person

ἄνθρωπος

anthrōpos

different

ἕτερος

heteros

celebrate

εὐφραίνω

euphrainō

from

ἐκ

ek

he

αὐτός

autos

💬📚
7

And what man

is there that hath betrothed

a wife,

and hath not taken

her? let him go

and return

unto his house,

lest he die

in the battle,

and another

man

take

her.


Septuagint Literal:

and

καί

kai

who?

τίς

tis

the 

ho

person

ἄνθρωπος

anthrōpos

who

ὅστις

hostis

engaged 

μνηστεύω

mnēsteuō

woman

γυνή

gynē

and

καί

kai

not 

οὐ

ou

take

λαμβάνω

lambanō

he

αὐτός

autos

travel

πορεύομαι

poreuomai

and

καί

kai

turn away

ἀποστρέφω

apostrephō

into

εἰς

eis

the 

ho

house

οἰκία

oikia

he

αὐτός

autos

not 

μή

die 

ἀποθνῄσκω

apothnēskō

in 

ἐν

en

the 

ho

battle 

πόλεμος

polemos

and

καί

kai

person

ἄνθρωπος

anthrōpos

different

ἕτερος

heteros

take

λαμβάνω

lambanō

he

αὐτός

autos

💬📚
8

And the officers

shall speak

further

unto the people,

and they shall say,

What man

is there that is fearful

and fainthearted?

let him go

and return

unto his house,

lest his brethren's

heart

faint

as well as his heart.


Septuagint Literal:

and

καί

kai

add

προστίθημι

prostithēmi

the 

ho

scholar 

γραμματεύς

grammateus

talk

λαλέω

laleō

to

πρός

pros

the 

ho

populace

λαός

laos

and

καί

kai

state

ἐρεῶ

ereō

who?

τίς

tis

the 

ho

person

ἄνθρωπος

anthrōpos

the 

ho

afraid

φοβέομαι

phobeomai

and

καί

kai

timid

δειλός

deilos

the 

ho

heart 

καρδία

kardia

travel

πορεύομαι

poreuomai

and

καί

kai

turn away

ἀποστρέφω

apostrephō

into

εἰς

eis

the 

ho

house

οἰκία

oikia

he

αὐτός

autos

so

ἵνα

hina

not 

μή

frighten 

δειλιάνῃ

deilianē

the 

ho

heart 

καρδία

kardia

the 

ho

brother 

ἀδελφός

adelphos

he

αὐτός

autos

just as 

ὥσπερ

hōsper

the 

ho

he

αὐτός

autos

💬📚
9

And it shall be, when the officers

have made an end

of speaking

unto the people,

that they shall make

captains

of the armies

to lead

the people.


Septuagint Literal:

and

καί

kai

be 

εἰμί

eimi

when

ὅταν

hotan

stop 

παύω

pauō

the 

ho

scholar 

γραμματεύς

grammateus

talk

λαλέω

laleō

to

πρός

pros

the 

ho

populace

λαός

laos

and

καί

kai

establish

καθίστημι

kathistēmi

ruling

ἄρχων

archōn

the 

ho

army 

στρατιά

stratia

lead forth 

προηγέομαι

proēgeomai

the 

ho

populace

λαός

laos

💬📚
10

When thou comest nigh

unto a city

to fight

against it, then proclaim

peace

unto it.


Septuagint Literal:

and if

ἐάν

ean

though

δέ

de

approach

προσέρχομαι

proserchomai

to

πρός

pros

city 

πόλις

polis

excite to war

ἐκπολεμῆσαι

ekpolemēsai

he

αὐτός

autos

and

καί

kai

call out 

ἐκκαλέσῃ

ekkalesē

he

αὐτός

autos

with

μετά

meta

peace 

εἰρήνη

eirēnē

💬📚
11

And it shall be, if it make thee answer

of peace,

and open

unto thee, then it shall be, that all the people

that is found

therein shall be tributaries

unto thee, and they shall serve

thee.


Septuagint Literal:

and if

ἐάν

ean

first of all 

μέν

men

peaceful 

εἰρηνικός

eirēnikos

respond 

ἀποκρίνομαι

apokrinomai

you 

σοί

soi

and

καί

kai

open up 

ἀνοίγω

anoigō

you 

σοί

soi

be 

εἰμί

eimi

all

πᾶς

pas

the 

ho

populace

λαός

laos

the 

ho

find 

εὑρίσκω

heuriskō

in 

ἐν

en

he

αὐτός

autos

be 

εἰμί

eimi

you 

σοί

soi

tributary to

φορολόγητοι

phorologētoi

and

καί

kai

listening

ὑπήκοος

hypēkoos

of you

σοῦ

sou

💬📚
12

And if it will make no peace

with thee, but will make

war

against thee, then thou shalt besiege

it:


Septuagint Literal:

and if

ἐάν

ean

though

δέ

de

not 

μή

listen to 

ὑπακούω

hypakouō

you 

σοί

soi

and

καί

kai

do

ποιέω

poieō

to

πρός

pros

you 

σέ

se

battle 

πόλεμος

polemos

sit around

περικαθιεῖς

perikathieis

he

αὐτός

autos

💬📚
13

And when the LORD

thy God

hath delivered

it into thine hands,

thou shalt smite

every male

thereof with the edge

of the sword:


Septuagint Literal:

and

καί

kai

betray

παραδίδωμι

paradidōmi

he

αὐτός

autos

lord

κύριος

kyrios

the 

ho

God 

θεός

theos

of you

σοῦ

sou

into

εἰς

eis

the 

ho

hand 

χείρ

cheir

of you

σοῦ

sou

and

καί

kai

pat

πατάσσω

patassō

all

πᾶς

pas

male 

ἀρσενικὸν

arsenikon

he

αὐτός

autos

in 

ἐν

en

murder 

φόνος

phonos

short sword 

μάχαιρα

machaira

💬📚
14

But the women,

and the little ones,

and the cattle,

and all that is in the city,

even all the spoil

thereof, shalt thou take

unto thyself; and thou shalt eat

the spoil

of thine enemies,

which the LORD

thy God

hath given

thee.


Septuagint Literal:

besides

πλήν

plēn

the 

ho

woman

γυνή

gynē

and

καί

kai

the 

ho

baggage 

ἀποσκευῆς

aposkeuēs

and

καί

kai

all

πᾶς

pas

the 

ho

livestock

κτῆνος

ktēnos

and

καί

kai

all

πᾶς

pas

as much as

ὅσος

hosos

perhaps

ἄν

an

happen to be

ὑπάρχω

hyparchō

in 

ἐν

en

the 

ho

city 

πόλις

polis

and

καί

kai

all

πᾶς

pas

the 

ho

what is moved

ἀπαρτίαν

apartian

go out for foraging 

προνομεύσεις

pronomeuseis

of yourself 

σεαυτοῦ

seautou

and

καί

kai

swallow

φάγω

phagō

all

πᾶς

pas

the 

ho

foraging

προνομὴν

pronomēn

the 

ho

hostile

ἐχθρός

echthros

of you

σοῦ

sou

who

ὅς

hos

lord

κύριος

kyrios

the 

ho

God 

θεός

theos

of you

σοῦ

sou

give

δίδωμι

didōmi

you 

σοί

soi

💬📚
15

Thus shalt thou do

unto all the cities

which are very

far off

from thee, which

are not of the cities

of these nations.


Septuagint Literal:

so

οὕτως

houtōs

do

ποιέω

poieō

all

πᾶς

pas

the 

ho

city 

πόλις

polis

the 

ho

far away 

μακράν

makran

be 

εἰμί

eimi

from

ἀπό

apo

of you

σοῦ

sou

vehemently

σφόδρα

sphodra

who

ὅς

hos

not

οὐχί

ouchi

from

ἐκ

ek

the 

ho

city 

πόλις

polis

the 

ho

nation

ἔθνος

ethnos

this

οὗτος

houtos

💬📚
16

But of the cities

of these people,

which the LORD

thy God

doth give

thee for an inheritance,

thou shalt save alive

nothing that breatheth:


Septuagint Literal:

see!

ἰδού

idou

though

δέ

de

from

ἀπό

apo

the 

ho

city 

πόλις

polis

the 

ho

nation

ἔθνος

ethnos

this

οὗτος

houtos

who

ὅς

hos

lord

κύριος

kyrios

the 

ho

God 

θεός

theos

of you

σοῦ

sou

give

δίδωμι

didōmi

you 

σοί

soi

inherit

κληρονομέω

klēronomeō

the 

ho

earth

γῆ

he

αὐτός

autos

not 

οὐ

ou

capture 

ζωγρέω

zōgreō

from

ἀπό

apo

he

αὐτός

autos

all

πᾶς

pas

breath

ἐμπνέον

empneon

💬📚
17

But thou shalt utterly

destroy

them; namely, the Hittites,

and the Amorites,

the Canaanites,

and the Perizzites,

the Hivites,

and the Jebusites;

as the LORD

thy God

hath commanded

thee:


Septuagint Literal:

but 

ἀλλά

alla

or

ē

accursed 

ἀνάθεμα

anathema

curse 

ἀναθεματίζω

anathematizō

he

αὐτός

autos

the 

ho

Chettaios

Χετταῖον

chettaion

and

καί

kai

Amorraios

Αμορραῖον

amorraion

and

καί

kai

Chananaios

Χαναναῖος

Chananaios

and

καί

kai

Pherezaios

Φερεζαῖον

pherezaion

and

καί

kai

Euaios

Ευαῖον

euaion

and

καί

kai

Iebousaios

Ιεβουσαῖον

iebousaion

and

καί

kai

Gergesaios

Γεργεσαῖον

gergesaion

who

ὅς

hos

manner

τρόπος

tropos

direct

ἐντέλλομαι

entellomai

you 

σοί

soi

lord

κύριος

kyrios

the 

ho

God 

θεός

theos

of you

σοῦ

sou

💬📚
18

That they teach

you not to do

after all their abominations,

which they have done

unto their gods;

so should ye sin

against the LORD

your God.


Septuagint Literal:

so

ἵνα

hina

not 

μή

teach 

διδάσκω

didaskō

you 

ὑμᾶς

hymas

do

ποιέω

poieō

all

πᾶς

pas

the 

ho

abomination 

βδέλυγμα

bdelygma

he

αὐτός

autos

as much as

ὅσος

hosos

do

ποιέω

poieō

the 

ho

God 

θεός

theos

he

αὐτός

autos

and

καί

kai

sin 

ἁμαρτάνω

hamartanō

next to

ἐναντίον

enantion

lord

κύριος

kyrios

the 

ho

God 

θεός

theos

your 

ὑμῶν

hymōn

💬📚
19

When thou shalt besiege

a city

a long

time,

in making war

against it to take

it, thou shalt not destroy

the trees

thereof by forcing

an axe

against them: for thou mayest eat

of them, and thou shalt not cut them down

(for the tree

of the field

is man's

life) to employ

them in the siege:


Septuagint Literal:

and if

ἐάν

ean

though

δέ

de

sit around

περικαθίσῃς

perikathisēs

about

περί

peri

city 

πόλις

polis

day 

ἡμέρα

hēmera

more

πλείων

pleiōn

excite to war

ἐκπολεμῆσαι

ekpolemēsai

he

αὐτός

autos

into

εἰς

eis

seizing 

κατάλημψιν

katalēmpsin

he

αὐτός

autos

not

οὐχί

ouchi

utterly ruin 

ἐξολοθρεύω

exolothreuō

the 

ho

tree 

δένδρον

dendron

he

αὐτός

autos

impose

ἐπιβάλλω

epiballō

in

ἐπί

epi

he

αὐτός

autos

iron 

σίδηρος

sidēros

but 

ἀλλά

alla

or

ē

from

ἀπό

apo

he

αὐτός

autos

swallow

φάγω

phagō

he

αὐτός

autos

though

δέ

de

not 

οὐ

ou

cut out

ἐκκόπτω

ekkoptō

not 

μή

person

ἄνθρωπος

anthrōpos

the 

ho

wood

ξύλον

xylon

the 

ho

in 

ἐν

en

the 

ho

field 

ἀγρός

agros

enter

εἰσέρχομαι

eiserchomai

from

ἀπό

apo

face

πρόσωπον

prosōpon

of you

σοῦ

sou

into

εἰς

eis

the 

ho

palisade 

χάραξ

charax

💬📚
20

Only the trees

which thou knowest

that they be not trees

for meat,

thou shalt destroy

and cut them down;

and thou shalt build

bulwarks

against the city

that maketh

war

with thee, until it be subdued.


Septuagint Literal:

but 

ἀλλά

alla

wood

ξύλον

xylon

who

ὅς

hos

well aware

ἐπίσταμαι

epistamai

since

ὅτι

hoti

not 

οὐ

ou

with edible fruit 

καρπόβρωτόν

karpobrōton

be 

εἰμί

eimi

this

οὗτος

houtos

utterly ruin 

ἐξολοθρεύω

exolothreuō

and

καί

kai

cut out

ἐκκόπτω

ekkoptō

and

καί

kai

build 

οἰκοδομέω

oikodomeō

palisading 

χαράκωσιν

charakōsin

in

ἐπί

epi

the 

ho

city 

πόλις

polis

who

ὅστις

hostis

do

ποιέω

poieō

to

πρός

pros

you 

σέ

se

the 

ho

battle 

πόλεμος

polemos

till

ἕως

heōs

perhaps

ἄν

an

betray

παραδίδωμι

paradidōmi

Next Chapter: Deuteronomy 21

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